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Leniency programs

Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union prohibits cartels and other antitrust agreements that reduce or eliminate competition between firms. Leniency programs are an important investigative tool which give cartel’s members incentives to report their cartel activity and cooperate with competition authorities. We present their main objectives, their development in different countries, their direct and indirect effects and how these programs could be improved.
A. Marciano, G. Ramello (eds) Encyclopedia of Law and Economics. Springer, 1-5